Infants can develop allergic reactions ranging from mild to severe, including life-threatening anaphylaxis. Prompt recognition and proper care are essential.

Common Types of Infant Allergies

1. Eczema

• Affects up to 25% of children before their first birthday.

• Appears on the face, head, elbows, and knees as dry, itchy, and swollen rashes.

• Treatment: regular moisturizing, gentle cleansers, and prescribed topical creams.

2. Urticaria (Hives)

• Triggered by insect bites like mosquitoes, fleas, or dust mites.

• Red, itchy bumps may turn into fluid-filled blisters.

• Protective clothing, child-safe insect repellents, steroid creams, or antihistamines can help.

3. Food Allergies

• Common with formula or foods transmitted through breast milk.

• Symptoms: abdominal pain, crying, constipation, diarrhea, vomiting, sneezing, runny nose, watery eyes.

• Management: hypoallergenic formula, introducing single-ingredient solid foods gradually.

4. Seasonal Allergies

• Triggered by pollen from plants or trees.

• Symptoms: coughing, itchy eyes or throat, nasal congestion, sneezing.

• Prevention: keep the child indoors during high pollen seasons.

5. Indoor Allergies

• Caused by dust, mold, cockroaches, or scented household products.

6. Pet Allergies

• Pet fur, saliva, or urine may cause hives, sneezing, or wheezing.

• Limiting direct contact reduces symptoms.

When to Seek Emergency Care

Go to the hospital if the infant shows:

• Difficulty breathing

• Skin color changes

• Swelling of face or lips

• Sudden or severe rash

• Persistent vomiting

• Lethargy or poor head control

Home Symptom Relief

• Cold compresses on irritated skin

• Applying petroleum jelly or moisturizers

• Bathing in lukewarm water 5–10 minutes

• Moisturizing twice daily

• Gentle mucus suction

• Saline drops or nasal spray

Prevention Tips

• Regular baths with fragrance-free cleansers

• Clean pet cages and wash bedding

• Maintain skin hydration

• Loose, comfortable clothing

• Avoid storing items in damp areas

• No smoking indoors

• Vacuum dust regularly and wash bedding in hot water

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